Instrument management (async)

async def abort(self) -> None:
    """Abort measurement."""
    async with self._lock():
        await create_future(self._comm.AbortAsync())

async def connect(self) -> None:
    """Connect to instrument."""
    if self.is_connected():
        return

    self._comm = await self.instrument._connect_async()

    firmware_warning(self._comm.Capabilities)

async def disconnect(self):
    """Disconnect from the instrument."""
    if not self.is_connected():
        return

    await create_future(self._comm.DisconnectAsync())
    self._comm.Dispose()
    del self._comm

def ensure_connection(self):
    """Raises connection error if the instrument is not connected."""
    if not self.is_connected():
        raise ConnectionError('Not connected to an instrument')

async def get_current_range(self) -> AllowedCurrentRanges:
    """Get the current range for the cell.

    Returns
    -------
    current_range: AllowedCurrentRanges
    """
    async with self._lock():
        value: PalmSens.CurrentRange = await create_future(
            self._comm.GetCurrentRangeAsync()
        )

    return cr_enum_to_string(value)

def get_estimated_duration(
    self: HasCommProtocol,
    method: PalmSens.Method | MethodTypeCompatible,
) -> float:
    """Get the estimated duration for this method.

    Parameters
    -----------
    method : MethodType
        The method to get the estimated duration for.

    Returns
    -------
    float
        Estimated duration in seconds.
    """
    self.ensure_connection()

    if not isinstance(method, PalmSens.Method):
        method = method._to_psmethod()

    capabilities = self._comm.Capabilities

    return method.GetMinimumEstimatedMeasurementDuration(capabilities)

async def get_instrument_serial(self) -> str:
    """Return instrument serial number.

    Returns
    -------
    serial : str
        Instrument serial.
    """
    async with self._lock():
        serial: PalmSens.Comm.DeviceSerialV3 = await create_future(
            self._comm.GetDeviceSerialAsync()
        )

    return serial.ToString()

async def get_potential_range(self) -> AllowedPotentialRanges:
    """Get the potential range for the cell.

    Returns
    -------
    potential_range: AllowedPotentialRanges
    """
    async with self._lock():
        # no such api: self._comm.GetPotentialRangeAsync()
        return pr_enum_to_string(self._comm.PotentialRange)

async def initialize_multiplexer(self, mux_model: int) -> int:
    """Initialize the multiplexer.

    Parameters
    ----------
    mux_model: int
        The model of the multiplexer.
        - 0 = 8 channel
        - 1 = 16 channel
        - 2 = 32 channel

    Returns
    -------
    channels : int
        Number of available multiplexes channels
    """
    async with self._lock():
        model = PalmSens.MuxModel(mux_model)

        if model == PalmSens.MuxModel.MUX8R2 and (
            self._comm.ClientConnection.GetType().Equals(
                clr.GetClrType(PalmSens.Comm.ClientConnectionPS4)
            )
            or self._comm.ClientConnection.GetType().Equals(
                clr.GetClrType(PalmSens.Comm.ClientConnectionMS)
            )
        ):
            await create_future(self._comm.ClientConnection.ReadMuxInfoAsync())

        self._comm.Capabilities.MuxModel = model

        if self._comm.Capabilities.MuxModel == PalmSens.MuxModel.MUX8:
            self._comm.Capabilities.NumMuxChannels = 8
        elif self._comm.Capabilities.MuxModel == PalmSens.MuxModel.MUX16:
            self._comm.Capabilities.NumMuxChannels = 16
        elif self._comm.Capabilities.MuxModel == PalmSens.MuxModel.MUX8R2:
            await create_future(self._comm.ClientConnection.ReadMuxInfoAsync())

    channels = self._comm.Capabilities.NumMuxChannels
    return channels

async def is_cell_on(self) -> bool:
    """Get cell status.

    Returns
    -------
    cell_on : bool
        Return true if the cell is on
    """
    async with self._lock():
        cell_on: bool = await create_future(self._comm.GetCellOnAsync())

    return cell_on

def is_connected(self) -> bool:
    """Return True if an instrument connection exists."""
    try:
        self._comm
    except AttributeError:
        return False
    else:
        return True

def is_measuring(self) -> bool:
    """Return True if device is measuring."""
    return int(self._comm.State) == CommManager.DeviceState.Measurement

async def measure(
    self,
    method: MethodTypeCompatible,
    *,
    callback: Callback | CallbackEIS | None = None,
    stream: Path | str | None = None,
    sync_event: asyncio.Event | None = None,
):
    """Start measurement using given method parameters.

    Parameters
    ----------
    method: MethodType
        Method parameters for measurement.
    callback: Callback, optional
        If specified, call this function on every new set of data points.
        New data points are batched, and contain all points since the last
        time it was called. Each point is an instance of `ps.data.CallbackData`
        for non-impedimetric or `ps.data.CallbackDataEIS`.
        for impedimetric measurments.

        For more advanced use cases, use `InstrumentManagerAsync.events`
        to register callbacks to various events.
    stream: Path | str | None
        If defined, stream data directly to this file in JSON Lines text format
        (https://jsonlines.org). This option is useful for long-term measurements.
        In case of a PC crash or power outage, the most recent measurement data will
        still be available.
    sync_event: asyncio.Event
        Event for hardware synchronization. Do not use directly.
        Instead, initiate hardware sync via `InstrumentPoolAsync.measure()`.
    """
    self.ensure_connection()
    self.validate_method(method)  # type: ignore

    measurement_manager = MeasurementManagerAsync(comm=self._comm)

    return await measurement_manager.measure(
        method,
        callback=callback,
        stream=stream,
        sync_event=sync_event,
        events=self.events,
    )

async def read_current(self) -> float:
    """Read the current in µA.

    Returns
    -------
    current : float
        Current in µA.
    """
    async with self._lock():
        current: float = await create_future(self._comm.GetCurrentAsync())

    return current

async def read_potential(self) -> float:
    """Read the potential in V.

    Returns
    -------
    potential : float
        Potential in V.
    """

    async with self._lock():
        potential: float = await create_future(self._comm.GetPotentialAsync())

    return potential

def register_receive_message_callback(self, callback: Callable[[str], None], /):
    """Register callback when a message is received.

    The callback is triggered, for example, when a method is started,
    or when `send_string` is called in MethodSCRIPT.

    Parameters
    ----------
    callback: Callable[[str], None]
        The function to call when triggered
    """
    self._receive_message_callback = callback
    self._loop = asyncio.get_running_loop()
    self._comm.ClientConnection.ReceiveMessage += self._receive_message_handler

def register_status_callback(self, callback: CallbackStatus, /):
    """Register callback for idle status events.

    The callback is triggered when the current/potential are updated
    durinig idle state or pretreatment phases.

    Parameters
    ----------
    callback: CallbackStatus
        The function to call when triggered
    """
    self._status_callback = callback
    self._loop = asyncio.get_running_loop()
    self._comm.ReceiveStatusAsync += self._idle_status_handler

async def set_cell(self, cell_on: bool) -> None:
    """Turn the cell on or off.

    Parameters
    ----------
    cell_on : bool
        If true, turn on the cell
    """
    async with self._lock():
        await create_future(self._comm.SetCellOnAsync(cell_on))

async def set_current_range(self, current_range: AllowedCurrentRanges):
    """Set the current range for the cell.

    Parameters
    ----------
    current_range: AllowedCurrentRanges
        Set the current range as a string.
        See `pypalmsens.settings.AllowedCurrentRanges` for options.
    """
    async with self._lock():
        await create_future(
            self._comm.SetCurrentRangeAsync(cr_string_to_enum(current_range))
        )

async def set_multiplexer_channel(self, channel: int):
    """Sets the multiplexer channel.

    Parameters
    ----------
    channel : int
        Index of the channel to set.
    """
    async with self._lock():
        await create_future(self._comm.ClientConnection.SetMuxChannelAsync(channel))

async def set_mux8r2_settings(
    self,
    connect_sense_to_working_electrode: bool = False,
    combine_reference_and_counter_electrodes: bool = False,
    use_channel_1_reference_and_counter_electrodes: bool = False,
    set_unselected_channel_working_electrode: int = 0,
):
    """Set the settings for the Mux8R2 multiplexer.

    Parameters
    ---------
    connect_sense_to_working_electrode: float
        Connect the sense electrode to the working electrode. Default is False.
    combine_reference_and_counter_electrodes: float
        Combine the reference and counter electrodes. Default is False.
    use_channel_1_reference_and_counter_electrodes: float
        Use channel 1 reference and counter electrodes for all working electrodes. Default is False.
    set_unselected_channel_working_electrode: float
        Set the unselected channel working electrode to disconnected/floating (0), ground (1), or standby potential (2). Default is 0.
    """
    self.ensure_connection()

    if self._comm.Capabilities.MuxModel != PalmSens.MuxModel.MUX8R2:
        raise ValueError(
            f"Incompatible mux model: {self._comm.Capabilities.MuxModel}, expected 'MUXR2'."
        )

    mux_settings = PalmSens.Method.MuxSettings(False)
    mux_settings.ConnSEWE = connect_sense_to_working_electrode
    mux_settings.ConnectCERE = combine_reference_and_counter_electrodes
    mux_settings.CommonCERE = use_channel_1_reference_and_counter_electrodes
    mux_settings.UnselWE = PalmSens.Method.MuxSettings.UnselWESetting(
        set_unselected_channel_working_electrode
    )

    async with self._lock():
        await create_future(
            self._comm.ClientConnection.SetMuxSettingsAsync(MuxType(1), mux_settings)
        )

async def set_potential(self, potential: float) -> None:
    """Set the potential of the cell.

    Parameters
    ----------
    potential : float
        Potential in V
    """
    async with self._lock():
        await create_future(self._comm.SetPotentialAsync(potential))

async def set_potential_range(self, potential_range: AllowedPotentialRanges):
    """Set the potential range for the cell.

    Parameters
    ----------
    potential_range: AllowedPotentialRanges
        Set the potential range as a string.
        See `pypalmsens.settings.AllowedPotentialRanges` for options.
    """
    async with self._lock():
        await create_future(
            self._comm.SetPotentialRangeAsync(pr_string_to_enum(potential_range))
        )

def status(self) -> Status:
    """Get status."""
    self.ensure_connection()
    return Status(
        self._comm.get_Status(),
        device_state=str(self._comm.get_State()),  # type:ignore
    )

def supported_applied_current_ranges(self: HasCommProtocol) -> list[AllowedCurrentRanges]:
    """List applied current ranges supported by this device.

    Returns
    -------
    current_ranges: list[AllowedCurrentRanges]
        List of supported current ranges.
    """
    self.ensure_connection()
    return CapabilitiesInterface(comm=self._comm).supported_applied_current_ranges

def supported_bipot_current_ranges(self: HasCommProtocol) -> list[AllowedCurrentRanges]:
    """List bipot current ranges supported by this device.

    Returns
    -------
    current_ranges: list[AllowedCurrentRanges]
        List of supported current ranges.
    """
    self.ensure_connection()
    return CapabilitiesInterface(comm=self._comm).supported_bipot_current_ranges

def supported_current_ranges(self: HasCommProtocol) -> list[AllowedCurrentRanges]:
    """List current ranges supported by this device.

    Returns
    -------
    current_ranges: list[AllowedCurrentRanges]
        List of supported current ranges.
    """
    self.ensure_connection()
    return CapabilitiesInterface(comm=self._comm).supported_current_ranges

def supported_methods(self: HasCommProtocol) -> list[AllowedMethods]:
    """List methods supported by this device.

    Returns
    -------
    methods: list[AllowedMethods]
        List of supported methods.
    """
    self.ensure_connection()
    return CapabilitiesInterface(comm=self._comm).supported_methods

def supported_potential_ranges(self: HasCommProtocol) -> list[AllowedPotentialRanges]:
    """List applied potential ranges supported by this device.

    Returns
    -------
    potential_ranges: list[AllowedPotentialRanges]
        List of supported potential ranges.
    """
    self.ensure_connection()
    return CapabilitiesInterface(comm=self._comm).supported_potential_ranges

def unregister_receive_message_callback(self):
    """Unregister callback from message events."""
    self._comm.ClientConnection.ReceiveMessage -= self._receive_message_handler
    del self._receive_message_callback

def unregister_status_callback(self):
    """Unregister callback from idle status events."""
    self._comm.ReceiveStatusAsync -= self._idle_status_handler
    del self._status_callback

def validate_method(
    self: HasCommProtocol,
    method: MethodTypeCompatible,
):
    """Validate method.

    Raise ValueError if the method cannot be validated.

    Parameters
    -----------
    method: MethodType
        The method to validate.
    """
    self.ensure_connection()

    capabilities = self._comm.Capabilities

    psmethod = method._to_psmethod()
    errors = psmethod.Validate(capabilities)

    if any(error.IsFatal for error in errors):
        message = '\n'.join([error.Message for error in errors])
        raise MethodIncompatibleError(f'Method not compatible:\n{message}')

async def wait_digital_trigger(self, wait_for_high: bool) -> None:
    """Wait for digital trigger.

    Parameters
    ----------
    wait_for_high: bool
        Wait for digital line high before starting
    """
    async with self._lock():
        while True:
            if await create_future(self._comm.DigitalLineD0Async()) == wait_for_high:
                break
            await asyncio.sleep(0.05)

async def add(self, manager: InstrumentManagerAsync) -> None:
    """Open and add manager to the pool.

    Parameters
    ----------
    manager : InstrumentManagerAsync
        Instance of an instrument manager.
    """
    await manager.connect()
    self.managers.append(manager)

async def connect(self, attempts: int = 1) -> None:
    """Connect all instrument managers in the pool.

    Parameters
    ----------
    attempts: int, optional
        Number of attempts to establish connection.
        Use this if you experience connection issues via USB.
    """
    tasks = [manager.connect() for manager in self.managers]

    try:
        _ = await asyncio.gather(*tasks)
    except Exception:
        if attempts <= 1:
            raise
        await asyncio.sleep(0.5)
    else:
        return

    await self.connect(attempts=attempts - 1)

async def disconnect(self) -> None:
    """Disconnect all instrument managers in the pool."""
    tasks = [manager.disconnect() for manager in self.managers]
    await asyncio.gather(*tasks)

def is_connected(self) -> bool:
    """Return true if all managers in the pool are connected."""
    return all(manager.is_connected() for manager in self.managers)

def is_disconnected(self) -> bool:
    """Return true if all managers in the pool are disconnected."""
    return not any(manager.is_connected() for manager in self.managers)

async def measure(
    self,
    method: MethodType,
    callback: Sequence[Callback | CallbackEIS] | Callback | CallbackEIS | None = None,
    **kwargs,
) -> list[Measurement]:
    """Concurrently start measurement on all managers in the pool.

    For hardware synchronization, set `.general.use_hardware_sync` on the method.
    For MethodSCRIPT, use 'set_channel_sync 1'.

    In addition, the pool must contain:
    - channels from a single multichannel instrument only
    - the first channel of the multichannel instrument
    - at least two channels

    All instruments are prepared and put in a waiting state.
    The measurements are started via a hardware sync trigger on channel 1.

    Parameters
    ----------
    method : MethodType
        Method parameters for measurement.
    callback : list[Callback] | Callback | CallbackEIS | None
        If specified, call these functions/this function on every new set of data points.
        New data points are batched, and contain all points since the last
        time it was called.

        Specify a sequence of callbacks to set a different function for every channel.
        The number of callbacks must match the number of channels.

        Specify a single callback to set the same function to all channels.
    **kwargs
        These keyword parameters are passed to the measure function.
    """
    tasks: list[Awaitable[Measurement]] = []

    callbacks: Sequence[Callback | CallbackEIS | None]

    if isinstance(callback, Sequence):
        if len(callback) != len(self.managers):
            raise IndexError('Number of callbacks does not match number of channels.')
        callbacks = callback
    else:
        callbacks = [callback or None for _ in self.managers]

    if method._use_hardware_sync:
        return await self._measure_hw_sync(method, callbacks=callbacks)

    for manager, callback in zip(self.managers, callbacks):
        tasks.append(manager.measure(method, callback=callback, **kwargs))

    results = await asyncio.gather(*tasks)
    return results

async def remove(self, manager: InstrumentManagerAsync) -> None:
    """Close and remove manager from pool.

    Parameters
    ----------
    manager : InstrumentManagerAsync
        Instance of an instrument manager.
    """
    self.managers.remove(manager)
    _ = await manager.disconnect()

def status(self) -> list[Status]:
    """Return status for all managers in pool.

    Returns
    -------
    list[Status]
        List of status objects.
    """
    return [manager.status() for manager in self]

async def submit(self, func: SubmitCallable, **kwargs: Any) -> list[Any]:
    """Concurrently start measurement on all managers in the pool.

    This method does not support hardware sync.

    Parameters
    ----------
    func : Callable
        This function gets called with an instance of
        `InstrumentManagerAsync` as the argument.
    **kwargs
        These keyword arguments are passed on to the submitted function.
    """
    tasks: list[Awaitable[Any]] = []
    for manager in self.managers:
        tasks.append(func(manager, **kwargs))

    results = await asyncio.gather(*tasks)
    return results